как уже говорилось

Как уже говорилось

 The absorbed energy, as stated previously, is calculated from measurements of the pit volume.

 In equations (...) and (...), m too is a function of y, as stated earlier.

 As discussed earlier, higher quench front velocity is due to larger water subcoolings.

 Their effect, as already discussed, is to introduce scatter into frequency response plots.

 As mentioned, this method is questionable for this mode because of the possible errors in frequency.